Programs that solve word puzzles typically read one or more files, and may also read interactive input. One input file that is always required is an English language spelling dictionary. (Other inputs would describe the specific problem to be solved, unless all of this information has been hard-coded into the program). Dict = PyDictionary 1 file 0 forks 0 comments 0 stars The-python-coder / speechToText.py. Created Sep 12, 2020. Mypersonalassistant View.
Python filter() function applies another function on a given iterable (List/String/Dictionary, etc.) to test which of its item to keep or discard. In simple words, it filters the ones that don't pass the test and returns the rest as a filter object.
The filter object is of the iterable type. It retains those elements which the function passed by returning True. We can also convert it to List or Tuple or other types using their factory functions.
PyDictionary Tutorial Posted on by Neri Carcasci This is a tutorial to create a dictionary similar to the one displayed in my project's portfolio. PyDictionary is a Dictionary Module for Python 2/3 to get meanings, translations, synonyms and Antonyms of words. It uses WordNet for getting meanings, Google for translations, and synonym.com. Python Dictionary basically contains elements in the form of key-value pairs. It is an unordered collection of items.
In this tutorial, you'll learn how to use the filter() function with different types of sequences. Also, you can refer to the examples that we've added to bring clarity.
Python Filter() Function Explained
Contents
- 2 Filter() Function Examples
- 3 Using lambda expression with filter()
Python Filter() Function
The filter() function accepts only two parameters. The first argument is the name of a user-defined function, and second is iterable like a list, string, set, tuple, etc.
It calls the given function for every element of iterable, just like in a loop. It has the following syntax:
The first parameter is a function which has a condition to filter the input. It returns True on success or False otherwise. However, if you provide a None, then it removes all items except those evaluate to True.
Next parameter is iterable, i.e., a sequence of elements to test against a condition. Each function call carries one item from the seq for testing.
The return value is a filter object a sequence having elements that passed the function check.
Filter() Function Examples
Here are some examples to explain how to use filter() function.
Filter odd numbers from the list
In this example, we have an iterable list of numeric values out of which some are even, and few are odd.
Now, here is a function that filters out the odd number from the given list. We'll be passing it as the first argument to the filter() call.
Let's now join the bricks and see the full working code:
The filter() function accepts only two parameters. The first argument is the name of a user-defined function, and second is iterable like a list, string, set, tuple, etc.
It calls the given function for every element of iterable, just like in a loop. It has the following syntax:
The first parameter is a function which has a condition to filter the input. It returns True on success or False otherwise. However, if you provide a None, then it removes all items except those evaluate to True.
Next parameter is iterable, i.e., a sequence of elements to test against a condition. Each function call carries one item from the seq for testing.
The return value is a filter object a sequence having elements that passed the function check.
Filter() Function Examples
Here are some examples to explain how to use filter() function.
Filter odd numbers from the list
In this example, we have an iterable list of numeric values out of which some are even, and few are odd.
Now, here is a function that filters out the odd number from the given list. We'll be passing it as the first argument to the filter() call.
Let's now join the bricks and see the full working code:
A couple of points to notice in the example are:
- The filter() function is returning out_filter, and we used type() to check its data type.
- We called the list() constructor to convert the filter object to a Python list.
After running the example, you should see the following outcome:
It printed only the even numbers filtering out the odd ones.
Filter duplicates from two lists
We can use filter() function to get the difference between two sequences. For this, we've to filter out duplicate items.
So, let's assume the following two list of strings.
You can check that given lists have common entries for some of the programming languages. So, we need to write a function that checks for duplicates names.
Let's now get all the bits and pieces together.
After executing the example, it produces the following result: X particles c4d free download.
As desired, our code printed the difference between the two given lists. However, it was merely an illustration for learning how Python filter() function works.
Using lambda expression with filter()
Python lambda expression also works as an inline function. Hence, we can specify it instead of a function argument in the filter() call.
In this way, we can get away from writing a dedicated function for the filtering purpose.
Let's consider some examples to see how to use lambda with filter().
Filter stop words from a string
In this example, we are going to remove stop words from a given string. We've mentioned them in the below list.
Below is the string that contains the stop words.
Now, we'll see the complete code to filter stop words.
Since we had to remove a whole word, so we split the string into words. After that, we filtered the stop words and joined the rest.
You should get the following outcome after execution:
The Intersection of two arrays
In this example, we'll create a lambda expression and apply filter() function to find the common elements in two arrays.
Below is the input data for our test.
Let's create the lambda expression that will filter the difference and return common elements.
Now, we'll see the full implementation:
You should get the following outcome after execution:
Filter function without a function
Yes, you can call filter() without passing an actual function as the first argument. Instead, you can specify it as None.
When None is specified in the filter(), then it pops out all elements that evaluate to False. Let's consider the following list for illustration:
Here is the full code to analyze the behavior of filter() with None as the function argument.
The following is the result after execution:
Python Dict Object
We hope that after wrapping up this tutorial, you should feel comfortable in using the Python filter() function. However, you may practice more with examples to gain confidence.
Also, to learn Python from scratch to depth, do read our step by step Python tutorial.
PyDictionary: A 'Real' Dictionary Module for Python
PyDictionary is a Dictionary Module for Python 2/3 to get meanings, translations, synonyms and Antonyms of words. It uses WordNet for getting meanings, Google for translations, and synonym.com for getting synonyms and antonyms.
This module uses Python Requests, BeautifulSoup4 and goslate as dependencies
Installation
Installation is very simple through pip (or easy_install)
For pip
For Easy_Install
Usage
PyDictionary can be utilised in 2 ways, either by creating a dictionary instance which can take words as arguments or by creating a dictionary instance with a fixed amount of words.
For example,
Pydictionary List Of Words
This is will create a local instance of the PyDictionary class and now it can be used to get meanings, translations etc.
This will return a dictionary containing the meanings of the word.For example the above code will return:
The dictionary keys are the different types of the word. If a word is both a verb and a noun then there will be 2 keys:'Noun' and 'Verb'.Each key refers to a list containing the meanings
For Synonyms,
This will return a list containing the Synonyms of the word.
For Antonyms,
This will return a list containing the Antonyms of the word.
For Translations,
This will return the Translation of the word 'Range' in Spanish. For Language codes consult Google Translate. The return value is string in Python 3 and unicode in Python 2
Alternatively, you can set a fixed number of words to the PyDictionary Instance. This is useful if you just want to get the meanings of some words quickly without any development need.
Dictionary Of Dictionary Python
Example:
Similarly Synonyms and Antonyms can also be printed onto the screen.
About
Pydictionary Tutorial
Created By Pradipta Bora 2020.
